HISTORY AND APPRECIATION OF ART (FROM 3000 BC TO 600 AD)

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From IndusValley Civilization (2500 BC-1750BC) to Mauryan dynasty (Third
century B.C.), we see a gradual development in art and crafts. 
Artists of the
Harappan period were extremely skilled. Mauryan period marked a new beginning
in Indian history. Highly polished quality of the sculpted pillars from the Ashokan
period are treasure of Indian art. 
Alongwith this technically improved style, there
was also the tradition of popular folk art, which continued in the form of crude
mother goddess figures. 
After the Mauryans, when the Sungas came to power,
they continued with the artistic activity and we got the great Stupa and sculptures
of Sanchi in the state of Madhya Pradesh. 
The Kushans, who had come from
outside India, helped in the progress. During this period, we see the development
of the sculpted portraiture for the first time. 
Gupta period is regarded as the golden
period in Indian Art History. Refinement came in the representation of the human
figures. Some of the most important art centres during this period were Mathura,
Sarnath, Ujjain, Ahichhatra and others. 
Gupta sculptures show the perfect balance and blending of the style, the skill, the mastery and the imagination. The religious sculptures show a divine quality. The slight tilt of the lip, the full roundness of
the figures, accurate carvings and simplicity became the stylistic stamp of the Guptas.

Along with the religious, secular sculptures were also produced in a large extent.
Famous paintings of Ajanta were done during this period. Beside paintings and
sculptures, the new development in art was the Cave and Temple architectures.
Some of the important sites in this respect are the Udaygiri caves in Madhya
Pradesh and the Nachna and Bhumara, where temple architectures started. 
In a
nutshell it can be said that Gupta period is classical period of the Indian history.
Author: unknown
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History of art in India 
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